聊聊 Dubbo 的容错机制

public class FailoverCluster implements Cluster {

    public final static String NAME = "failover";

    public <T> Invoker<T> join(Directory<T> directory) throws RpcException {
        return new FailoverClusterInvoker<T>(directory);
    }

}

@Override
public Result invoke(final Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
    checkWhetherDestroyed();
    // binding attachments into invocation.
    // 绑定 attachments 到 invocation 中.
    Map<String, Object> contextAttachments = RpcContext.getContext().getObjectAttachments();
    if (contextAttachments != null && contextAttachments.size() != 0) {
        ((RpcInvocation) invocation).addObjectAttachments(contextAttachments);
    }
    // 列举 Invoker
    List<Invoker<T>> invokers = list(invocation);
    // 加载 LoadBalance 负载均衡器
    LoadBalance loadbalance = initLoadBalance(invokers, invocation);
    RpcUtils.attachInvocationIdIfAsync(getUrl(), invocation);
    // 调用 实际的 doInvoke 进行后续操作
    return doInvoke(invocation, invokers, loadbalance);
}
// 这是个抽象方法，实际是由子类实现的
 protected abstract Result doInvoke(Invocation invocation, List<Invoker<T>> invokers,
                                       LoadBalance loadbalance) throws RpcException;

@Override
    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
    public Result doInvoke(Invocation invocation, final List<Invoker<T>> invokers, LoadBalance loadbalance) throws RpcException {
        List<Invoker<T>> copyInvokers = invokers;
        checkInvokers(copyInvokers, invocation);
        String methodName = RpcUtils.getMethodName(invocation);
        // 获取重试次数，这里默认是 2 次，还有可以注意下后面的+1
        int len = getUrl().getMethodParameter(methodName, RETRIES_KEY, DEFAULT_RETRIES) + 1;
        if (len <= 0) {
            len = 1;
        }
        // retry loop.
        RpcException le = null; // last exception.
        List<Invoker<T>> invoked = new ArrayList<Invoker<T>>(copyInvokers.size()); // invoked invokers.
        Set<String> providers = new HashSet<String>(len);
        // 循环调用，失败重试
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            //Reselect before retry to avoid a change of candidate `invokers`.
            //NOTE: if `invokers` changed, then `invoked` also lose accuracy.
            if (i > 0) {
                checkWhetherDestroyed();
                // 在进行重试前重新列举 Invoker，这样做的好处是，如果某个服务挂了，
                // 通过调用 list 可得到最新可用的 Invoker 列表
                copyInvokers = list(invocation);
                // check again
                // 对 copyinvokers 进行判空检查
                checkInvokers(copyInvokers, invocation);
            }
            // 通过负载均衡来选择 invoker
            Invoker<T> invoker = select(loadbalance, invocation, copyInvokers, invoked);
            // 将其添加到 invoker 到 invoked 列表中
            invoked.add(invoker);
            // 设置上下文
            RpcContext.getContext().setInvokers((List) invoked);
            try {
                // 正式调用
                Result result = invoker.invoke(invocation);
                if (le != null && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Although retry the method " + methodName
                            + " in the service " + getInterface().getName()
                            + " was successful by the provider " + invoker.getUrl().getAddress()
                            + ", but there have been failed providers " + providers
                            + " (" + providers.size() + "/" + copyInvokers.size()
                            + ") from the registry " + directory.getUrl().getAddress()
                            + " on the consumer " + NetUtils.getLocalHost()
                            + " using the dubbo version " + Version.getVersion() + ". Last error is: "
                            + le.getMessage(), le);
                }
                return result;
            } catch (RpcException e) {
                if (e.isBiz()) { // biz exception.
                    throw e;
                }
                le = e;
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                le = new RpcException(e.getMessage(), e);
            } finally {
                providers.add(invoker.getUrl().getAddress());
            }
        }
        throw new RpcException(le.getCode(), "Failed to invoke the method "
                + methodName + " in the service " + getInterface().getName()
                + ". Tried " + len + " times of the providers " + providers
                + " (" + providers.size() + "/" + copyInvokers.size()
                + ") from the registry " + directory.getUrl().getAddress()
                + " on the consumer " + NetUtils.getLocalHost() + " using the dubbo version "
                + Version.getVersion() + ". Last error is: "
                + le.getMessage(), le.getCause() != null ? le.getCause() : le);
    }